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cache
A special memory space on a computer, reserved for storing frequently used instructions, which makes it go faster. This memory space is usually takes the form of
dedicated circuitry (a hardware cache), or part of RAM memory (a software cache). Internet explorer and the Netscape range of web browsers use a hard disk
cache to store WWW pages so they don't have to be downloaded repeatedly by modem.
CAL
Computer Assisted Learning
Card
See upgrade card
CD-ROM
Compact disc read-only memory.
central processing unit (CPU)
This means either your computer's system unit, or the microprocessor itself.
character
A symbol encoded into one byte of data, corresponding to keyboard equivalents such as A, b, and SPACE (the 'spacebar' character). There a re a number of
popular character sets including ASCII character set, and the extended character set.
characters per second (cps)
A measure of the speed of a file transfer, estimated from the bits per second and length of the transmitted character (typically 10 bits for each byte after the addition
of stop bits).
chat
A facility present on many bulletin boards and on-line services, as well as the Internet (as Internet Relay Chat). Provides for the two-way exchange of messages as
they are typed in real-time, as opposed to e-mail which involves a delay between the sending and receiving of the message.
chip
Abbreviation of Silicon Chip
client
A program that makes requests for the services of another computer, called a server. Each client works with a specific type of server or, as in the case of WWW
clients, several types of server.
clock speed
Also known as clock frequency, this is the speed (usually in megahertz) at which a microprocessor is able to process data.
command-line interface
The opposite of a graphical user interface, a command-line interface is presented by an operating system such as DOS and UNIX, requiring the user to type in
instructions rather than pointing and clicking with a mouse as one does with Windows or Mac.
communications software
Applications which enable one computer to talk to another. Communications software include terminal emulators and dedicated clients, and may offer support for
various file-transfer protocols.
Compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM)
A shiny plastic disk just like an audio CD, containing files that can be read but not altered by a computer. Many CD-ROMs, such as WebOnCD contain
multimedia type data including sounds and pictures. Requires a CD-ROM drive.
Compression protocol
A set of rules in data transmission for reducing the size of a file so it can be transmitted in less time. Examples of protocols are V42 and V42bis.
Computer
An electronic device that uses coded instructions to manage information.
Computer Assisted Learning
Using computer technology as part of the learning process. The UK medical and dental professions are particularly keen to take this new teaching method onboard.
Computer Based Training
Using computer technology as part of the learning process. See Computer Assisted Learning.
conference
An on-line discussion area, synonymous with forum or special interest group (SIG), where users can read and send messages to each other concerning a particular
topic.
co-processor
Also known as a floating point processor, a specialised microprocessor used to perform calculations that are mathematically intensive, such as complex graphics.
crash
Windows 95 users will be very familiar with these! It is when software on your PC stops responding, and the screen freezes.
cursor
An on screen bar which usually blinks used to indicate where the next line of typing will appear.