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uniform resource locator (URL)
A standardised syntax used on the Internet describing the location and method of accessing Internet resources. Each URL is
composed of several elements: the type of Internet Service, the domain name of the host, the port address, and the pathname.
Example: http://www.wessex.org.uk
UNIX
A robust operating system designed to support multiple simultaneous users. Versions exist for virtually all computing hardware
platforms. The majority of Internet hosts run UNIX. UNIX shells providing a graphical user interface are sometimes employed
to isolate users from a command-line interface - similar to the way some versions of Microsoft Windows acts as a front-end
to DOS.
UNIX-to-UNIX CoPy (UUCP)
UUCP refers to both a file-transfer program used by UNIX computers, and to a particular network of UNIX computers. The
UUCP network maintains e-mail gateways to the Internet, providing many bulletin boards with a cost-effective way to receive
e-mail and Usenet news via UUCP.
upgrade card
Also called an expansion card or simply a card, this is a circuit a board that adds to the specification of a computer. It may
add more RAM, increase video capabilities (more colours, higher resolution), or add sound, moving video, an internal modem
etc.
upload
The process of sending a file from your computer to a remote host over a communications link.
user
A generic term for anybody who uses a computer.
username
Many bulletin boards, on-line services, and Internet hosts require each user to identify him or herself with a username (or user
ID) on that system. This is often used in association with a password.
UseNet
A global conferencing system where messages relating to particular topics are distributed in the form of newsgroups over the
Internet and many other networks. Because it doesn't rely on TCP/IP-based networks to work, UseNet is not strictly an
Internet Service - although it is most often counted as one.
uuencode
The name of a program originating on UNIX machines, now a standard for the ASCII encoding of binary files so that they can
be sent by e-mail and downloaded from newsgroups on the Internet.